Parody - Definition and Examples of Parodies in English

Parody s of Parodies in English Definition A parody is a  text that imitates the characteristic style of an author or a work for comic effect. Adjective: parodic. Informally known as a spoof. Author William H. Gass observes that in most cases parody grotesquely exaggerates the outstanding and most annoying features of its victim (A Temple of Texts, 2006).See Examples and Observations below. Also see: AmphigoryCaricaturePasticheSatire Words at Play: An Introduction to Recreational Linguistics Examples of Parodies Christmas Afternoon, by Robert BenchleyHow Shall I Word It? by Max BeerbohmJack and Gill: A Mock Criticism, by Joseph DennieA Meditation Upon a Broomstick, by Jonathan SwiftThe Most Popular Book of the Month, by Robert BenchleyShakespeare Explained: Carrying on the System of Footnotes to a Silly Extreme, by Robert BenchleySome Historians, by Philip Guedalla You! by Robert Benchley EtymologyFrom the Greek, beside or counter plus song   Examples and Observations [P]arody works only on people who know the original, and they have to know it intimately enough to appreciate the finer touches as well as the broad strokes of the imitation. Part of the enjoyment people take in parody is the enjoyment of feeling intelligent. Not everyone gets the joke: if you dont already know about the peach, you wont laugh at the prune. Its fantasy baseball for bookworms.(Louis Menand, Parodies Lost. The New Yorker, Sep. 20, 2010) Lewis Carrolls Parody of a Poem by Robert SoutheyOriginal PoemYou are old, Father William,’ the young man cried;‘The few locks which are left you are grey;You are hale, Father Williama hearty old man:Now tell me the reason, I pray.’‘In the days of my youth,’ Father William replied,‘I remember’d that youth would fly fast,And Abus’d not my health and my vigour at first,That I never might need them at last. . . .(Robert Southey, The Old Mans Comforts and How He Gained Them, 1799)Lewis Car rolls Parody‘You are old, Father William,’ the young man said,‘And your hair has become very white;And yet you incessantly stand on your headDo you think, at your age, it is right?’‘In my youth,’ Father William replied to his son,‘I feared it might injure the brain;But, now that I’m perfectly sure I have none,Why, I do it again and again. . . .(Lewis Carroll, Alices Adventures in Wonderland, 1865) Lord of the Rings ParodyAnd that boy of his, Frito, added bleary-eyed Nat Clubfoot, as crazy as a woodpecker, that one is. This was verified by Old Poop of Backwater, among others. For who hadnt seen young Frito, walking aimlessly through the crooked streets of Boggietown, carrying little clumps of flowers and muttering about truth and beauty and blurting out silly nonsense like Cogito ergo boggum?(H. Beard, The Harvard Lampoon, Bored of the Rings, 1969) Characteristics of Parodies[M]ost parody worthy of the name is ambivalent toward its target. This ambivalence may entail not only a mixture of criticism and sympathy for the parodied text, but also the creative expansion of it into something new. Most other of the specific characteristics of parody, including its creation of comic incongruity between the original and the parody, and the way in which its comedy can laugh both at and with its target, may be traced to the way in which the parodist makes the object of the parody a part of the parodys structure.(Margaret A. Rose, Parody: Ancient, Modern, and Post-Modern. Cambridge University Press, 1993) Six Parodies of Ernest Hemingway  - Most of the tricks were good tricks and they worked fine for a while especially in the short stories. Ernest was stylish in the hundred-yard dash but he didnt have the wind for the long stuff. Later on the tricks did not look so good. They were the same tricks but they were not fresh any more and nothing is worse than a trick that that has gone stale. He knew this but he couldnt invent any new tricks.(Dwight Macdonald, Against the American Grain, 1962)- I went out into the room where the chimney was. The little man came down the chimney and stepped into the room. He was dressed all in fur. His clothes were covered with ashes and soot from the chimney. On his back was a pack like a peddlers pack. There were toys in it. His cheeks and nose were red and he had dimples. His eyes twinkled. His mouth was little, like a bow, and his beard was very white. Between his teeth was a stumpy pipe. The smoke from the pipe encircled his head in a wreath. He lau ghed and his belly shook. It shook like a bowl of red jelly. I laughed. He winked his eye, then he gave a twist to his head. He didnt say anything.(James Thurber, A Visit From Saint Nicholas (In the Ernest Hemingway Manner). The New Yorker, 1927)- I rolled into Searchlight around midnight and walked into Rosies beer joint to get a cold one after the ride over from Vegas. He was the first one I saw. I looked at him and he stared back at me with those flat blue eyes. He was giving me that kind of howdy wave with his good right arm while his left sleeve hung armless from the shoulder. He was dressed up like a cowboy.(Cactus Jack, The One-Armed Bandit, 2006 Bad Hemingway competition)- This is my last and best and true and only meal, thought Mr. Pirnie as he descended at noon and swung east on the beat-up sidewalk of Forty-fifth Street. Just ahead of him was the girl from the reception desk. I am a little fleshed up around the crook of the elbow, thought Pirnie, but I commute good.(E.B. White, Across the Street and Into the Grill. The New Yorker, Oct. 14, 1950)- We had great fun in Spain that year and we traveled and wrote and Hemingway took me tuna fishing and I caught four cans and we laughed and Alice Toklas asked me if I was in love with Gertrude Stein because I had dedicated a book of poems to her even though they were T. S. Eliots and I said, yes, I loved her, but it could never work because she was far too intelligent for me and Alice Toklas agreed and then we put on some boxing gloves and Gertrude Stein broke my nose.(Woody Allen, A Twenties Memory. The Insanity Defense, 2007)- In the late afternoon the Museum was still there, but he was not going to it any more. It was foggy in London that afternoon and the dark came very early. Then the shops turned their lights on, and it was all right riding down Oxford Street looking in the windows, though you couldnt see much because of the fog.(David Lodge, The British Museum Is Falling Down, 1965) David Lodge on ParodyIn a way, it may be impossible for writers themselves to identify what is parodiable in their own work. It may be dangerous even to contemplate it. . . .One would suppose that any writer whos any good has a distinctive voicedistinctive features of syntax or vocabulary or somethingwhich could be seized on by the parodist.(David Lodge, A Conversation About Thinks in Consciousness and the Novel. Harvard University Press, 2002) Updike on ParodyPure parody is purely parasitic. There is no disgrace in this. We all begin life as parasites within the mother, and writers begin their existence imitatively, within the body of letters.(John Updike, Beerbohm and Others. Assorted Prose. Alfred A. Knopf, 1965) Weird Al Yankovics Chamillionaire ParodyLook at me, I’m white and nerdyI wanna roll withThe gangstasBut so far they all think I’m too white and nerdyFirst in my class here at MITGot skills, I’m a champion at DDMC Escherthat’s my favorite MCKee p your 40, I’ll just have an Earl Grey tea.My rims never spin, to the contraryYou’ll find that they’re quite stationary.All of my action figures are cherrySteven Hawking’s in my library.My MySpace page is all totally pimped outGot people beggin’ for my top eight spaces.Yo, I know pi to a thousand placesAin’t got no grills but I still wear braces.(Weird Al Yankovic, White and Nerdyparody of Ridin by Chamillionaire) Pronunciation:  PAR-uh-dee

The History of the Answering Machine

The History of the Answering Machine According to Adventures in Cybersound, the Danish telephone engineer and inventor Valdemar Poulsen patented what he called a telegraphone in 1898. The telegraphone was the first practical apparatus for magnetic sound recording and reproduction. It was an ingenious apparatus for recording telephone conversations. It recorded, on a wire, the varying magnetic fields produced by a sound. The magnetized wire could then be used to play back the sound. Early Developments Mr. Willy MÃ ¼ller invented the first automatic answering machine in 1935. This answering machine was a three-foot-tall machine popular with Orthodox Jews who were forbidden to answer the phone on the Sabbath. The Ansafone, created by inventor Dr. Kazuo Hashimoto for Phonetel, was the first answering machine sold in the USA, beginning in 1960. Classic Models According to Casio TAD History (Telephone Answering Devices), Casio Communications created the modern telephone answering device (TAD) industry as we know it today by introducing the first commercially viable answering machine a quarter of a century ago. The product- the Model 400- is now featured in the Smithsonian. In 1971, PhoneMate introduced one of the first commercially viable answering machines, the Model 400. The unit weighs 10 pounds, screens calls, and holds 20 messages on a reel-to-reel tape. An earphone enables private message retrieval. Digital Innovation The first digital TAD ​was invented by Dr. Kazuo Hashimoto of Japan in mid-1983. US patent 4,616,110 entitled Automatic Digital Telephone Answering. Voicemail U.S. Patent No. 4,371,752 is the pioneer patent for what evolved into voice mail, and that patent belongs to Gordon Matthews. Gordon Matthews held over thirty-three patents. Gordon Matthews was the founder of the VMX company in Dallas, Texas that produced the first commercial voice mail system, he has become known as the Father of Voice Mail. In 1979, Gordon Matthews formed his company, VMX, of Dallas (Voice Message Express). He applied for a patent in 1979 for his voicemail invention and sold the first system to 3M. When I call a business, I like to talk to a human - Gordon Matthews.

Organizational Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Organizational Communication - Essay Example Collaboratively, the political aspect contribute as to whether social safety and stability will be maintained. In the scenario political discussions between two region create sparks of arguments that provoke social threats like war and verbal clash. In the end, economic status run as how politics affects the society or the socio-political factor. The economy follows the ups and down of the current socio-political order, and once social security is at risk, in the same manner that economic stability is in danger because they are relative. It is evident that many big corporations are established in that particular region. The mere realization that they would loose investors may alarm their position or stand. Professor Rao feeling is because he realizes how corporations greatly influences the decisions of the government. It signifies the loose of government morale since they are looking forward to corporations’ withdrawal of investments and not mainly of a rational socio-political decision. Rao might be thinking that it is better that the dispute has been solve by political agreement or reconciliation which is reasonable for the sake of the state, instead of being motivated because of global trade with the Americans. Since it is evident that government favors the American investors, it will be just a snap to make it appear that the government gave-up their position for the sake of the investors. It gives credibility to what an American journalist said that â€Å"The cease-fire is brought to you be GE and all it s friends here in Bangalore† (Friedman, 2002, p. 8A). Globalization is a broad term that encompass economic aspect intertwined with socio-political aspects. Both aspects can be found in this particular scenario. Globalization establishes interdependence between trade through trade and political agreement. What happened here is that political agreement has been established (resulting to cease-fire) which is socially and economically beneficial. In

Hans Jonas's Technology and Responsibility W3 Disc Assignment

Hans Jonas's Technology and Responsibility W3 Disc - Assignment Example Jonas (2011) clearly indicates that novel technological advances have made the world prone to human action. This can be evidenced in environmental degradation and the effect of industrialization on the society. From this passage, it is warranted to argue that the relationship between human world and non-human world is questionable. The most important claim that Jonas (2011) makes is that human beings have an ethical responsibility towards nature. Philosophically, this is referred to as metaphysical concept (Winston & Edelbach, 2011). Jonas (2011) is clear on his discussion as he clearly brings out the shift of focus on addressing issues touching on nature, and that a lot of focus is put on human civilization. Jonas (2011) fails to explain the Science of nature, as natural science is not inclusive of all matters of Science. The author allows him attain his objective, as he convinces the reader on the need to be responsible on the non-human world, just we are on the human. Conclusively, Jonas (2011) article calls for collective responsibility for our actions especially towards the environment, and is practical in the use of technology. Humans must be keen not to deplete the natural resources in the course of applying technology in various aspects of

Hughs character Essay Example for Free

Hughs character Essay The final story, which Hugh tells, incorporates the many criticisms of Hughs character. He covers up his own failings and inadequacies as a defence mechanism and reiterates this by saying to Owen, to remember everything is a form of madness. This story is almost a turning point of Hughs character and for the audiences interruption of his character. Hugh is no longer a two dimensional caricature but a real character with human attributes, hence why we can be critical and admirable towards him. After all, Hugh is a self-educated man with a vast depth of knowledge of the Classics, speaking four languages, that we know of, Greek, Latin, Gaelic and English; nearly all of which he would have to have taught himself. He seems to be driven to share his knowledge. By teaching the Classics in his environment of rural poverty, himself a picture of poor ragged countryman, we must appreciate his drive and ability. Hugh also formed the Hedge School well as far as we know. He is attempting to educate the locals and one almost feels that he has taken the school from the hedge lines into the barn and still as an old man in his early sixties he has the ambition to move onward and upward to a new position at the new national school. He is clearly a figure in the local community who is looked up and respected by his peers and students alike. In addition, Yolland has a great deal of respect for him, calling him an astute man. Yolland almost has more respect for Hugh than Owen does because Owen continues to be critical of him and Yolland repeats, But so astute, almost placing Hugh on a pedestal. In addition, as an audience you have to respect his ability to cope with his situation, his wife has died and his sons are without a mother. It is easy to be critical of Hugh but you have to admire his ability to cope with the hard reality of the times he is living in even if that means trying to erase the past. After all he did live in an age of hand to mouth existence and he almost blocks out the reality of these hardships. His survival mechanism is a natural and human instinct. We cannot really blame him for wanting to live in an unrealistic world of Greek myth and Latin past. Neither can you chastise his drinking. His lifestyle and the stress of his situation is what drives him to drink and you cannot really fault him for that. All of these small but simple gestures that Friel incorporates into Hughs character are what make us as an audience have admiration for him. Friel does not create a stereotypical character, but a fully-rounded individual with human qualities, it is these qualities, which allow us as an audience to both admire and criticise his character.

Matthew B. Brady Essay -- essays research papers

Mathew B. Brady: Civil War Photographer   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mathew B. Brady: Civil War Photographer was written by Elizabeth Van Steenwyk. Elizabeth Van Steenwyk has written many good books for young people including: Saddlebag Salesmen, The California Missions, Frederic Remington, The California Gold Rush: West with the Forty-Niners, and Ida B. Wells-Barnett: Woman of Courage. Elizabeth now lives in San Marino, California with her husband.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mathew B. Brady was born somewhere between 1823 and 1824. His early life is somewhat a mystery. He was born in Warren County in New York and his parents might have been Irish immigrants. His middle name was even a mystery, when asked what the â€Å"B† stood for he said that he inserted it because it seemed â€Å"more distinguished.† When he turned 16 he met William Page, a man wanting to become an artist. The both of them worked together, and Page’s artistic abilities were most likely Brady’s starting interest in becoming a photographer. In 1839 or 1840 Brady and Page moved to New York City. Meanwhile, a French inventor named Louis-Jacques-Mandà ¨ Daguerre was inventing something that would change Brady’s life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1839 Daguerre invented his camera. Samuel F. B. Morse went over to France to check out Daguerre’s camera. He wrote back to a magazine saying that it was perhaps the greatest invention in this age. When Samuel Morse returned to New York City and started a school for lea...

The Marketing of Art

The Marketing of Art Part 1: Target Market and Competition When determining a target market a marketer must first research their product and the consumers who purchase the product, then decide what type of consumer would the marketer prefer to attract to the product they are marketing (Guille, n. d. ). The product that was chosen for this class was Art. To determine our particular target market we must get to know our product. Britannica Encyclopedia defines art as, â€Å"the use of skill and imagination in the creation of aesthetic objects, environments, or experiences that can be shared with others† (Britannica Online, 2011). Choosing a target market in which to promote our product is quite a difficult task since art is not a commodity that is normally regulated. Although the demographics of individuals who buy art are categorized into five types: †¢Collector – this type buys art simply for the love of the piece that is purchased. †¢Investor – this type buys art in hopes of earning a profit. †¢Decorator – this type uses art as a way to fill and empty space. †¢Believer – this individual believes that the particular piece that is purchased has a significant meaning or story attached to it and buys art just for the love of art. Money burner – this type is an individual who buys art for a status symbol or because they can afford to do so. To find our target market we will digest the framework of art. Art is usually placed in a particular space for a long period of time and the purchaser will most likely own the home that the artwork is located in (Genn, 2 004). Art is not a cheap investment, in 2009 while the Lehman Brother’s was declaring bankruptcy, Sotheby’s made $200 million in London at an art auction, so our target market would have to be able to afford the pieces. Also to determine your target market a marketer needs to understand why a consumer purchases products or services. A consumer purchases a product or service for three main reasons; to satisfy a need, to solve a problem, or to make themselves feel good. The marketer must know the demographics of their area. In Tucson, Arizona the largest art purchasers are over the age of 50, the demographics of Tucson show that the 50+ populations makes up 22. 1% of the total population. Americans over the age of 50 own more homes and enjoy more then $900 billion in income as compared to the younger populations (U. S. Census Bureau, 2011). According to Business Week Magazine the 50+ generation or more likely to buy online products and 42% over the age of 65 have made online purchases. The senior generation is the most overlooked target market in the advertising sector, even though 41% of them purchase more products then any other target market category (Kaiser, n. d. ). The next step in marketing is to identify your competitor’s, and currently there are nine top art houses that operate online as well as international (ArtBusiness. com, n. d. ). Sotheby’s and Christie’s are among the most well known in the art world. The main advantage that these art houses have over James’ Art Showroom is the name. People recognize and trust these dealers since they have been in business for a long time and have a great reputation. Christie’s is still a privately owned company and therefore the financial information is unavailable. However, many art brokers have projected that 2011 will be a profitable year for the auction house. Sotheby’s is a publicly traded company and their financial information is available on their website for potential investor’s to read. In 2009 Sotheby’s show revenue of $484,958 and in 2010 of $774,309, this is an increase of 59. 7% (Sotheby’s, 2011). The expected revenue projections have Sotheby’s increasing the profit margin by at least 32. 7% in 2011 end of the year calculations. For James’ Art Showroom to exceed the consumer expectations, the company due to the fact that it is smaller it will be able to provide a more personal art buying experience as well as provide a chance for upcoming artist to acquire a name for himself or herself within the Art world. Part 2: Integrated Marketing Communication Plan The integrated marketing communication plan is a combination of all the company’s plans and goals combined into one format. The integrated marketing communications plan should contain the same theme throughout, such as if the business plans on producing an advertising theme then the theme should be the same for the website and any print advertisements. This is done as a way for your customers to link all the graphics and messages to the company in which you are marketing (ArtBusiness, n. . ). There are five major components in an integrated marketing communications plan: †¢Web site †¢Advertising †¢Marketing collateral †¢Online marketing †¢Trade shows/ Auctions The web site that was created for the promotion of James’ Art Showroom was simple but professional. It included contact information and links to Facebook and Twitter. The web site also gave information about the company and the reason the com pany was created. For advertising, the company would choose direct mailings to schools that are designated for artists. The company would also host regular fundraising events to introduce the local community to the artist that reside in the area. The company was started as a way to help unknown artist and art buyers connect, the company although hopes to earn a profit in the future was not started as a money generating business but merely as a vessel to help people who love creating art meet those who love purchasing and owning art. The message that the company would like to implore is a symbol of bringing individuals with common interest together. The online marketing plan is simply to get the message to the target market that the company exists. This can be done through the use of social media and e-mail list. The final step in creating an integrated marketing communication plan is to allow my customers a chance to participate in art auctions throughout the world by using my website as a connection. By working with the major auction houses, such as Sotheby’s my artist may be able to have some of their work viewed or even purchased by art dealers on the international level. Reference: ArtBusiness. com. (n. d. ). Domestic and International Art Market Sales Statistics. Retrieved on November 6, 2011, from http://www. artbusiness. com/marketdata. html Britannica Online. (2011). Retrieved on October 4, 2011, from http://www. britannica. com Genn, Robert. (2004). Art Buyers. Retrieved on October 23, 2011, from http://www. painterskeys. com/clickbacks/art-buyers. asp Guille, Marilyn. (n. d. ). How To Find And Sell To Your Target Market. Retrieved on October 23, 2011, from http://sbinfocanada. bout. com/cs/marketing/a/targetmarket. htm Kaiser, Frank. (n. d. ). Secrets Of Successfully Advertising To Seniors. Retrieved on October 23, 2011, from http://www. suddenlysenior. com/howtoadvertiseseniors. html Sotheby’s. (2011). Web site. Retrieved on November 6, 2011, from http://investor. shareholder. com/bid/index. cfm U. S. Census Bureau. (2011). Home page. Retrieved on November 6, 2011, from http://factfinder2. census. gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/searchresults. xhtml

Creativity in Critical Thinking Essay

In the health care profession, the skills, and abilities to think critically are an essential component of professional accountability and quality care. In order to manage the complexity of the work environment, and patient care issues, critical thinking will enable nurses think more effectively, and work through challenges to achieve the best possible results. There are many ways critical thinking can be used in nursing profession. Critical thinkers in nursing, demonstrate habits of the mind include flexibility, creativity, inquisitiveness, intellectual integrity, intuition, open-mindedness, perseverance, and reflection to manage complex matters in the health care arena (Rubenfeld, Scheffer, 2010). Nurses use creativity, one of the habits of mind in critical thinking to educate their patients. Example of Creative Thinking in Patient Education To provide safe care to the patients, nurses must utilize critical thinking abilities in the assessment of patient issues, the planning of care, and the implementation of care. Careful examination of all the aspects of patient care helps the nurse to reach a better outcome imparting education for the patient. When providing education or information to a patient, the nurses apply creative thinking, by using the counseling dialogues help the patient raise questions of why, how, and who. The nurses guide patients through identifying, and exploring the problem, consider the patient’s choices, choose a plan of action, and evaluate the results (Ranklin, 2005). For example, reducing falls in the inpatient unit. Fall risk assessment is a key safety issue in many inpatients. Identifying the risk for fall on patient admission, and implementing measures and reevaluate the patient is essential to prevent falls on the unit. Moreover educating the patient and families is a necessary step in preventing patient falls. Evaluation of an Example of Creative Thinking The presented example is a way of creative thinking to impart education to the patients. Firstly, visual observation of the at-risk patients helps the staff, patients, and families to prevent falls. Identification tools on the doors, at the bedside, yellow socks, and falls band on the arms enable the health care professionals to target implementation of fall prevention to the patients. The sign at the bedside which says, â€Å"Please call, do not fall†, and the bed alarm reminds the patients and their families that, they are at risk for falling. Participating communication with other health care personals regarding fall risk in a regular shift report, and creating visual cues in the patients’ rooms, alarm the nurses and other health care professionals to prevent patients getting harm from falling. Justification of Creativity in Critical Thinking Creative thinking helps the nursing professionals identify biological, behavioral and environmental risk factors. Patient fall is preventable by implementing effective, and creative fall prevention programs, and thus help the patients live better. Creative thinkers must have knowledge of the clinical problem. They should have the ability of assessing the present problem, and be knowledgeable about the underlying cause, and be able to overcome the situation. Creativity in critical thinking boosts the nurse’s ability to modify, and expand the existing knowledge in patient related situations. In creative thinking, health care professionals take initiative, examine strategies to use, and recognize the consequences of strategies, and make the decision. Creative thinking remains a key ingredient for individualized client care. In that nurse identifies the specific need of each patient, and makes interventions specific to those needs. Without creative thinking, nursing care would become consistent and routine. There is a strong relationship between critical and creative thinking. In order to provide education to the needy clients, nurses’ needs to utilize critical intelligence and to be a critical thinker (Daniels, 2004). Hence, hospitalized patients need an individual assessment when educating them. It is important that, nurse must learn to utilize critical thinking skills natural way when providing care to the patients.

Mass Media and its effect on the American People essays

Mass Media and its effect on the American People essays Mass Media and its effect on the American People In America today, media has been taken over by conglomerates and corporations. We live in an age where the media of this country has been almost completely taken over. Nearly all radio stations in this country are controlled by two corporate entities, and the televised news stations are not much better off. Our countrys news networks are divided up into three media zones which are commonly known as FOX, CNN, and NBC. Due to this fact it is not surprising to find out that nearly all media and news bestowed upon the American public is in essence, a deception. American media will generally still spell out the hard facts and concrete evidence of events and incidents, but what has happened to the multi-opinionated voices of different journalists on the same network that we saw during the turn of the 1900s? Why is it that each journalist now must take the standpoint of their parent network for that networks benefit? Do we now live in a nation where free speech can only be afforded by lar ge multinational corporations? The fact that this has happened to our nation is shocking and appalling. Before the 1960s, the people of this country lived in a time where major cities had at least ten different newspapers, each with dozens of reporters with their own opinions. This day and age it is hard for a reporter to find a job using their problem solving and reporting skills, but reporters are now hired by how well they present their parent companys news. Though there is still some hope. The FCC is planning on possibly allowing commercial-free Low Power FM (LPFM) stations that would be capable of spreading their message a few miles. Though this will not be enough, it is an excellent foundation stone in taking back the free speech that our country has lost over the years. Something to this effect will allow for minorities and special interest groups to ...

How to Help Your 4th Grader Write a Biography

How to Help Your 4th Grader Write a Biography Assignments can differ from one teacher to another, but most fourth-grade biography papers will involve a specific format. If you dont have detailed instructions from their teacher, you can follow these instructions to help your child develop a great paper. Every paper should have the following sections: Cover pageAn  introductory paragraphThree body paragraphsA summary paragraph Cover Page The cover page gives the reader information about your child, their teacher, and the subject of your childs paper. It also makes the work look more polished. The cover page should include the following information: The title of your childs paperYour childs nameThe name of your childs teacher and their schoolTodays date Introductory Paragraph The introductory paragraph is where your child introduces his topic. It should contain a  strong first sentence that gives the reader a clear idea of what the paper is about. If your child is writing a report about Abraham Lincoln, the opening sentence may look something like this: Abraham Lincoln once described himself as an ordinary man with an extraordinary story. The introductory sentence should be followed by a few sentences that give a little more information about the  topic and lead up to your childs big claim, or thesis statement. A thesis statement is not merely a statement of fact. Rather, it is a specific claim that will be argued and defended later in the paper. The thesis statement also serves as a roadmap, giving the reader an idea of what is coming next. Body Paragraphs The body paragraphs of the biography are where your child goes into detail about their research. Each body paragraph should be about one main idea. In a biography of Abraham Lincoln, your child might write one paragraph about Lincolns childhood and another about his time as president. Each body paragraph should contain a topic sentence, support sentences, and a transition sentence. A topic sentence states the main idea of the paragraph. Support sentences are where your child goes into detail, adding more information that supports the topic sentence. At the end of each body  paragraph should be a transition sentence, which links the ideas from one paragraph to another. Transition sentences help guide the reader and keep the writing flowing smoothly. Sample Body Paragraph A  body paragraph may look something like this: (Topic sentence) Abraham Lincoln struggled to keep the country together when some people wanted to see it split apart. The Civil War broke out after many American states wanted to start a new country. Abraham Lincoln showed leadership skills when he led the Union to victory and kept the country from splitting in two. (Transition) His role in the Civil War kept the country together, but led to many threats to his own safety.(Next topic sentence) Lincoln did not back down under the many threats he received. . . . Summary or Conclusion Paragraph A strong conclusion restates your childs  argument and sums up everything they have written. It should also include a few sentences that repeat the points your child made in each body paragraph. In the end, your child should include a final sentence that sums up the whole argument. Although they contain some of the same information, the  introduction and the conclusion should not be the same. The conclusion should build on what your child has written in their body paragraphs and wrap things up for the reader. Sample Summary Paragraph The summary (or conclusion) should look something like this: Although many people in the country did not like Abraham Lincoln at the time, he was a great leader for our country. He kept the United States together when it was in danger of falling apart. He also stood brave in the face of danger and led the way to equal rights for all people. Abraham Lincoln is one of the most outstanding leaders in American history. Bibliography Your childs teacher may require a bibliography at the end of the students paper. The bibliography is simply a list of books or articles that your child used for his research. The sources should be listed in a precise format  and in alphabetical order.

Employee Training in Domtar Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Employee Training in Domtar - Research Paper Example Their training would enhance them with skills in the way that they can make efficient strategic goals and how to implement the goals. The employees should be organized according to their levels or ranks in the company. The different groups should be trained differently (Bari, 2000). The learning objectives in Domtar Company would be to cut costs. The costs will be cut if the processes of the company are efficient. The other objective would be to maintain a positive customer relationship. The customers should be considered before the company makes any decision and their satisfaction should be the source of any decision made. The other objective of the training should be to make feasible decisions that will ensure the prosperity of the business.The organizational constraints that may be incurred in the learning process may include; finances. The learning process is an expensive process, hence the cost factor must be considered. The company may not be willing to invest a lot in employee training and that should be avoided. The other constraint may be the time constraint. In the course of the training, the operations of the company must also continue, that means that time available will be minimal. The learning should be organized in a way that the sessions will be accommodated in the normal working schedule of the company. The other constraint that may exist will be resistance from employees. The constraints can be addressed by the employees been told the importance of the training. The other way the constraints can be addressed would be by the company providing resources that are useful in the training.

First Migration of Humans Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

First Migration of Humans - Research Paper Example The early human migrations, or the movement and expansion of the first humans, can be classified into three main categories, based on the geological period in which they migrated and moved out of the area in which they lived in and around. The species of Hominid up to the Australopithecines and the early Homo habilis have occupied and inhabited the chained mountain valleys located in the eastern portion of the African continent. Approximately, between two to one million years ago, a group of people, the Homo ergaster who may possibly have descended from the Homo habilis moved out of the mountain valleys into a vaster and larger expanse of land. After a while, they moved around again, travelling on to eastern and central Asia. Along this journey of migration, these hominid species have evolved into the next group of hominids, the Homo erectus. The Homo erectus, the next Hominid species after the Homo habilis had a more robust body than the body type of modern human. They were the firs t group of hominids to be able to create rafts in order to cross over bodies of water, the first ones to live in a nomadic hunter-gatherer lifestyle, and they were considered as the first to be able to create and make use of fire. One hundred twenty five thousand years ago, these people migrated to the Sahara, which at that time was green. However, they died out by ninety thousand years ago. This area was later reoccupied by the Neanderthals. Around eighty thousand years ago, a new Hominid species, the Homo heidelbergensis, emerged in Africa. Just like the earlier groups of Hominid species such as the Homo habilis and Homo ergaster, it too, migrated all the way through the entire continent of Africa and then later on, also notably, they became the first to move to Europe. This group of people showed similar characteristics as the Homo erectus in that it used the same Acheulean stone tool manufacturing and industry. However, their physical features were slightly different, their bone structures were larger and heavier and their hunting strategies were more strategized and systematic compared to the Homo erectus. The entire human population all over the world who are living today all belong to the classification of Homo sapiens, the final hominid species. This group of people is the only member of the genus Homo that was able to survive and live out the tough and harsh conditions in the early past. Based on the various facts and findings gotten from the oldest skull on Earth, which were found in Africa, the earliest Homo sapiens must have originated from the great continent about two hundred thousand years ago. The Homo sapiens are set apart from the earlier groups of Hominid species by their ability to think in a higher level, communicate with other humans through the use of a more developed language and to be able to live in a more complex manner. Current discoveries and results implicate that this species have appeared for the first time in East Africa. Later on, archeological and anthropological expeditions came across numerous skulls located at several places in East Africa such as in Ethiopia and Tanzania. After eighty five thousand years since their first appearance, they have started to expand their populace to South, Southwest and central Africa. Each skull found showed an advanced transition in physical form, implying that migration has taken place. Mitochondrial DNA studies have confirmed these results. After this migration, the Homo sapiens move out of Africa, moving on to the